Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan Keluarga

Exploring the Effectiveness and Implementation of Local Supplementary Feeding Programs for Undernourished Toddlers

2026-06-28T18:08:44+07:00

Background: Undernutrition among toddlers remains a critical public health challenge in Indonesia, significantly impacting cognitive and motor development during the first 1,000 days of life. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a 56-day local food-based Supplementary Feeding (PMT) program at the Bara-Baraya Community Health Center in Makassar City. Methods: This research employed a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, involving 16 undernourished toddlers. The intervention consisted of a 56-day local food-based PMT, such as moringa fish nuggets and meatball bites, utilizing a 7-day menu cycle. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, while qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with nutrition officers and cadres. Results: The study found a significant increase in anthropometric indicators, with average weight rising from 9.1 kg to 10.06 kg and average body length from 82.3 cm to 83.6 cm. Remarkably, 100% of the respondents (16 children) successfully transitioned from undernourished to good nutritional status (p=0.000). Qualitative findings indicated that the program's success was driven by systematic management, centralized food processing, and a rigorous monitoring strategy by cadres to ensure complete consumption. Conclusions: Local food-based PMT interventions utilizing nutrient-dense ingredients like Moringa and fish are highly effective in improving the nutritional status of toddlers during their critical growth period.

Acute Toxic Effects of Breadfunnel Leaf Extract (Artocarpus Altilis) on Wistar Rats as a Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia

2026-06-28T17:52:07+07:00

Background: The use of herbal medicine for managing dyslipidemia is increasing globally; however, comprehensive data regarding its acute safety profile remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) prepared via maceration to mirror traditional preparation in Wistar rats, and to determine its LD₅₀ value. Methods: Using a laboratory experimental design, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group (distilled water) and three treatment groups administered single doses of 3, 5, and 10 g/kg BW. Clinical symptoms, mortality, body weight, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys were evaluated over 14 days. Results: the results showed zero mortality across all groups, establishing an LD₅₀ > 10 g/kg BW. Transient clinical symptoms (lethargy, diarrhea, and tremors) appeared on Day 1 at high doses (5 and 10 g/kg BW) but completely resolved by Day 14. Significantly, body weight increased across all groups (highest gain of 17.7% at 10 g/kg BW, p < 0.001), suggesting that the extract did not interfere with appetite or nutrient absorption. Histopathological analysis revealed dose-dependent changes, including fatty degeneration and mild necrosis in the liver, as well as hydropic degeneration in the kidneys at ultra-high doses. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Artocarpus altilis is practically non-toxic (LD₅₀ > 10 g/kg BW). While it holds strong potential as a safe therapeutic agent for dyslipidemia, extremely high doses impose a metabolic burden on excretory organs.

Viscosity and Flowability Attributes of Modified Milk-Based Enteral Formulas Fortified with Pumpkin and Egg White for Pediatric Severe Acute Malnutrition

2026-07-02T19:41:05+07:00

Background: The standard F-100 formula for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) rehabilitation is often constrained by high costs and limited accessibility. Objective: This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the rheological and physical properties (specifically viscosity and flowability) of a modified milk-based enteral formula fortified with pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) and egg white as a locally accessible alternative. Methods: A single-factor Completely Randomized Design was employed with three formula variations (B1, B2, and B3). Viscosity was measured using a digital rotational viscometer, and flowability was assessed via a gravity-driven simulation using an 8 French pediatric nasogastric tube (NGT). Results: viscosity ranged from 145 cP (Formula B1) to 700 cP (Formula B2). Flow durations ranged from 290 to 350 seconds, with flow rates of 0.06–0.07 mL/s. Formula B3 exhibited the highest flow efficiency (290 seconds). However, these numerical variations were not statistically significant for viscosity (p = 0.368) or flow rate (p = 0.368). Conclusion: This formulation demonstrates physical and mechanical feasibility for pediatric NGT administration, but further nutritional testing is required before considering it a clinical alternative to F-100

The Relationship Between Feeding Patterns and the Incidence of Stunting Among Children Aged 6–24 Months in the Working Area of Uptd Puskesmas Sikumana Kupang City

2026-07-26T15:49:26+07:00

Background: The alarmingly high stunting prevalence of 26.6% in the Sikumana Health Centre area, which significantly exceeds the Kupang City average, creates an urgent need to investigate suboptimal feeding practices encompassing early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding (MP-ASI) as the primary suspected drivers of this local nutritional crisis. This study aims to determine the relationship between feeding patterns and the incidence of stunting among children aged 6–24 months in the working area of UPTD Puskesmas Sikumana, Kupang City. Methods: This was a quantitative observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 88 children aged 6–24 months were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Of 88 children, 30 (34.1%) were stunted. No significant relationship was found between EIBF and stunting (p=0.71). Significant relationships were found between exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.01), complementary-feeding texture (p=0.03), frequency (p < 0.001), and amount (p=0.001) and stunting. Conclusion: Feeding patterns, particularly exclusive breastfeeding and the appropriateness of complementary-feeding texture, frequency, and amount, are significantly associated with the incidence of stunting among children in the Sikumana Health Centre working area. Nutrition education for mothers of young children regarding appropriate feeding practices should be strengthened as a stunting prevention effort.